Philippians 1:1–2

Greek

1 Παῦλος καὶ Τιμόθεος δοῦλοι Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ πᾶσιν τοῖς ἁγίοις ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τοῖς οὖσιν ἐν Φιλίπποις σὺν ἐπισκόποις καὶ διακόνοις· 2 χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ θεοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν καὶ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.

English

1 Paul and Timothy, servants of Jesus Christ, to all the saints in Christ Jesus who are at Philippi, with the overseers and servants: 2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

Breakdown

Verse 1

Παῦλος καὶ Τιμόθεος - Paul and Timothy are proper names.

δοῦλοι Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ - δοῦλοι is masculine nominative plural refering to Paul and Timothy as slaves. Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ are in the genitive specifying the object of their servanthood - slaves of Christ.

Masculine Noun: δοῦλος

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	δοῦλος	δοῦλοι
Genitive	δούλου	δούλων
Dative	δούλῳ	δούλοις
Accusative	δοῦλον	δούλους

Masculine Noun: Χριστός

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Χριστός	Χριστοί
Genitive	Χριστοῦ	Χριστῶν
Dative	Χριστῷ	Χριστοῖς
Accusative	Χριστόν	Χριστούς

Masculine Noun: Ἰησοῦς

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Ἰησοῦς	—
Genitive	Ἰησοῦ	—
Dative	Ἰησοῦ	—
Accusative	Ἰησοῦν	—

πᾶσιν τοῖς ἁγίοις ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ - πᾶσιν is neuter dative meaning to all. τοῖς ἁγίοις is a dative plural adjective describing the all as saints, those set apart for God, holy ones. ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ means in Christ Jesus. It specifies them as ones belonging to Christ.

Declension of πᾶς (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Case	Masculine Singular	Masculine Plural	Feminine Singular	Feminine Plural	Neuter Singular	Neuter Plural
Nominative	πᾶς	πάντες	πᾶσα	πᾶσαι	πᾶν	πάντα
Genitive	παντός	πάντων	πάσης	πασῶν	παντός	πάντων
Dative	παντί	πᾶσι(ν)	πάσῃ	πάσαις	παντί	πᾶσι(ν)
Accusative	πάντα	πάντας	πᾶσαν	πάσας	πᾶν	πάντα

Declension of ἅγιος (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Case	Masculine Singular	Masculine Plural	Feminine Singular	Feminine Plural	Neuter Singular	Neuter Plural
Nominative	ἅγιος	ἅγιοι	ἁγία	ἅγιαι	ἅγιον	ἅγια
Genitive	ἁγίου	ἁγίων	ἁγίας	ἁγίων	ἁγίου	ἁγίων
Dative	ἁγίῳ	ἁγίοις	ἁγίᾳ	ἁγίαις	ἁγίῳ	ἁγίοις
Accusative	ἅγιον	ἁγίους	ἁγίαν	ἁγίας	ἅγιον	ἅγια

τοῖς οὖσιν ἐν Φιλίπποις - οὖσιν is the plural neuter participle form of the verb εἰμί ("to be"). The ones being in Philippi.

Present Active Participle of εἰμί ("being") – ὤν, οὖσα, ὄν

Case	Masculine Singular	Masculine Plural	Feminine Singular	Feminine Plural	Neuter Singular	Neuter Plural
Nominative	ὤν	ὄντες	οὖσα	οὖσαι	ὄν	ὄντα
Genitive	ὄντος	ὄντων	οὔσης	οὐσῶν	ὄντος	ὄντων
Dative	ὄντι	οὖσι(ν)	οὔσῃ	οὖσαις	ὄντι	οὖσι(ν)
Accusative	ὄντα	ὄντας	οὖσαν	οὔσας	ὄν	ὄντα

σὺν ἐπισκόποις καὶ διακόνοις - σὺν is a dative preposition meaning with or together with. ἐπισκόποις comes from ἐπί (over) + σκοπέω (to look or to watch); literally, one who watches or looks over, hence overseer. διακόνοις comes from διά (“through”) + the root of κονέω or κινέω (to stir up); commonly translated as servant, minister, or deacon.

Verse 2

χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη - χάρις is indicative meaning grace. This phrase functions as the beginning of a prayer wish. ὑμῖν is the second person personal pronoun. May there be grace to you and εἰρήνη, peace or shalom.

Second Person Singular Pronoun: σύ

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	σύ	ὑμεῖς
Genitive	σοῦ	ὑμῶν
Dative	σοί	ὑμῖν
Accusative	σέ	ὑμᾶς

ἀπὸ θεοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν καὶ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ - ἀπὸ θεοῦ πατρὸς is from God the Father, but ἡμῶν specifies that God is our Father. This connected to κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, also genetive indicating source, from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

First Person Pronoun: ἐγώ

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ἐγώ	ἡμεῖς
Genitive	ἐμοῦ (or μου)	ἡμῶν
Dative	ἐμοί (or μοι)	ἡμῖν
Accusative	ἐμέ (or με)	ἡμᾶς

Declension of κύριος (Masculine Noun)

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	κύριος	κύριοι
Genitive	κυρίου	κυρίων
Dative	κυρίῳ	κυρίοις
Accusative	κύριον	κυρίους